International Journal of Multidisciplinary Health Sciences and Research

Category: Original Article,      DOI: Recived: 23/05/2024, Accepted: 22/06/2024, Published online: 29/06/2024

Investigation of Sleep Architecture and Nocturnal Oxygen Desaturation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Namita Gupta1* , Rinku Garg2 , Sanjay Gupta3

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) significantly impacts sleep quality and nocturnal oxygenation, potentially affecting disease progression and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate sleep architecture and patterns of nocturnal oxygen desaturation in COPD patients, exploring their relationships with disease severity and clinical outcomes. Methods: In this prospective, observational study, 150 COPD patients underwent overnight polysomnography and clinical assessments. Sleep architecture, nocturnal oxygen saturation, pulmonary function, quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire), and daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) were evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of nocturnal oxygen desaturation. Results: Patients demonstrated reduced total sleep time (312.5 ± 62.8 minutes), sleep efficiency (76.4 ± 12.3%), and REM sleep (13.4 ± 5.8%). Significant nocturnal desaturation (SpO2 < 90% for ?30% of sleep time) was observed in 41.3% of patients. FEV1 % predicted correlated negatively with arousal index (r = 0.35, p<0.001) and time spent with SpO2 < 90% (r = 0.46, p<0.001). The mean SGRQ total score was 48.7 ± 16.2, indicating moderate quality of life impairment. Regression analysis identified FEV1 % predicted (? = -0.38, p<0.001), BMI (? = -0.22, p=0.002), and arousal index (? = 0.20, p=0.005) as significant predictors of nocturnal desaturation. Conclusion: COPD patients exhibit substantial alterations in sleep architecture and nocturnal oxygenation, closely associated with disease severity and quality of life. These findings emphasize the importance of sleep assessment in COPD management and suggest potential targets for interventions to improve patient outcomes.