International Journal of Multidisciplinary Health Sciences and Research

Category: Original Article,      DOI: Recived: 17/11/2024, Accepted: 21/12/2024, Published online: 29/12/2024

Assessment of Thyroid Function Parameters in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Relationship with Disease Severity

Anand Mishra1, Amit Kumar2, Sanchit Tiwari3, Priyanka Agrahari4*

Abstract:

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often presents with thyroid dysfunction, thereby affecting patient outcomes. This study aimed to assess thyroid function parameters in CKD patients with CKD and evaluate their relationship with disease severity. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included 323 CKD patients (aged 18-70 years) with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m². Participants were evaluated for thyroid function parameters (TSH, free T3, and free T4) and renal function markers. CKD staging was done performed to the KDIGO guidelines. Patients with known thyroid disorders, on thyroid medication, and those with conditions affecting thyroid function were excluded. Results: The study revealed thyroid dysfunction in 51.7% of participants, with subclinical hypothyroidism being the most prevalent (30.3%), followed by overt hypothyroidism (13.0%) and low T3 syndrome (8.4%). TSH levels progressively increased with CKD severity (Stage 3a: 3.2±1.4 mIU/L; Stage 5: 6.8±2.4 mIU/L; p<0.001), whereas free T3 levels decreased (Stage 3a: 2.8±0.6 pg/mL; Stage 5: 1.8±0.3 pg/mL; p<0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between eGFR and TSH (r=-0.642, p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis identified eGFR, age, diabetes, and serum albumin as independent predictors of TSH levels). Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with CKD, with a significant correlation between thyroid parameters and disease severity. Regular thyroid function monitoring is recommended in patients with CKD, particularly in those with advanced disease.