International Journal of Multidisciplinary Health Sciences and Research

Category: Original Article,      DOI: Recived: 12/08/2024, Accepted: 23/09/2024, Published online: 29/09/2024

Maternal Factors Influencing Neonatal Mortality and Birth Weight in Tertiary Hospital, India

Ankit Singh1, Dr Nitin Singh2

Abstract:

Background: India faces a high burden of neonatal mortality and low birth weight, necessitating a better understanding of the maternal factors influencing these adverse outcomes. Objective: To investigate the maternal determinants of neonatal mortality and birth weight in an Indians at tertiary hospital using logistic regression and multilevel modelling. Methods: Birth records of 250 mother-newborn pairs from the GMC Jalaun, Orai, India, were analysed. Logistic regression examined the predictors of neonatal mortality, while multilevel modelling assessed the factors associated with birth weight, accounting for the hierarchical data structure. Results: Maternal weight (AOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.98), hemoglobin level (AOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.14-2.08), gestational age (AOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49-0.98), and birth weight (AOR 24.13, 95% CI 5.83-99.87) significantly predicted neonatal mortality. Maternal age (-0.009 kg per year, SE 0.002), hemoglobin (-0.024 kg per g/dL, SE 0.011), and gestational age (-0.032 kg per week, SE 0.012) were associated with birth weight. The multilevel model revealed that 19% of the variation in birth weight was attributable to maternal factors. Conclusion: Maternal weight, hemoglobin, gestational age, and birth weight significantly influenced neonatal mortality, while maternal age, hemoglobin, and gestational age were important determinants of birth weight. Implementing evidence-based interventions targeting these modifiable factors, such as improving maternal nutrition and antenatal care, can contribute to reducing neonatal mortality and low birth weight in India. Future research should investigate the complex interplay of biological, social, and environmental factors shaping maternal and child health outcomes.